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Spot color printing would be typically used for jobs which require no full color imagery, such as for business cards and other stationery, or in monotone (or duotone etc) literature such as black and white newspaper print.Ĥ color process printing involves the use of four plates: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Keyline (Black). The colors are layered onto the paper one by one. If there are two colors, there will be two plates and two runs, and so on. If there is just one color to be printed, there will be a single plate, and a single run of the press. When printing in single (spot) colors, a single color ink (normally with a Pantone reference number) is applied to the printing press roller. Spot color printing creates brighter, more vibrant results, but with a smaller color range. This is jumping the gun, though, so for now let's just focus on the basics of the two processes. When this happens it is the responsibility of the designer to ensure that all overprint settings are correct and that all text has been colored with the '5th color' swatch (usually with black set up as a spot color). They overprint different black language plates onto the same pre-designed color books. I work with a number of publishers producing multiple-language books who use this technique. It's actually quite common for companies to save money by running a large 4 color process (CMYK) print job and then 'overprinting' the stock with spot color black 'text only' plates.
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Many mistakes are made when spot colors are mixed in with 4 color process (CMYK) colors and then sent to press. 4 Color Process Best practice: check, double check, triple check. If it goes wrong as a result of this error, the design studio will have to pay for a reprint (unless the client has put a signature to a proof containing an error, in which case you will either take the hit, or try to make them pay for it which might lose you the client).
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If there's an error on the artwork, it is not the responsibility of the printer to put it right. However, I am a designer who sends other people’s artwork to the printer, and it's my responsibility to make sure that it's press-ready so that it has every chance to fulfill its destiny as a beautiful business card, brochure or beer mat. I am not a printer, so I’m not going to babble on about cleaning blankets, colour shifting, guillotining or the beauty of the Heidelberg Speedmaster XL 105, as impressive as it is. There are two main printing processes you will need to know about: 4 color process (CMYK) printing and spot color printing printing.